The purpose of this work was to study the effect of food on the drug release and floating behavior of gastro retentive dosage form. The objective was also to assess the role of biochemical property of drug in absorption. For this purpose ellagic acid was selected as acidic and monoammonium glycyrrhizin as basic drug. Floating tablet of both the drugs were prepared separately and evaluated for drug release and floating behavior in regular as well as bio relevant dissolution medium containing Ensure Plus®. Drug release of acidic drug increased from 90.5% to 96.7% in presence of food. This is due to increase in the pH of biological fluid causing greater ionization. Results of floating behavior showed that total floating time and floating lag time of formulation remains unaffected in presence of food. This may be due to presence of superdisintegrant crospovidone and channelizing agent mannitol in the formulation which facilitate faster entry of dissolution medium into the tablet leading to rapid dissolution. For basic drug, release showed no significant change in presence of food however floating behaviour was significantly affected. Drug release in regular dissolution medium was 98.15% while in presence of food it was 96.10%. For basic drug, increase in pH of dissolution medium did not alter ionization capacity of drug. Total floating time of formulation was unaffected in presence of food, however floating lag time increased considerably. This may be due to high viscosity of the dissolution medium and high tablet weight. Viscosity of dissolution medium, drug nature, volume of dissolution medium and excipients in the formulation play vital role in deciding drug release and floating properties.
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